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ADHD in Adults - Treatment Options

ADHD is a well-known disorder of the nervous system that affects 44% of the population. It is accompanied by high rates of comorbidity (depression anxiety, anxiety, and substance abuse) and significant emotional, social and occupational impairments.

Psychotherapy and medication are both effective treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. The most frequently prescribed medications are stimulants such as methylphenidate or amphetamine.

Medicines

Many people who suffer from ADHD have seen significant improvements in their symptoms as well as functioning in response to medications. It is important that people who suffer from ADHD find the combination of medications that works for them.

Stimulants, like amphetamines and methylphenidate are the most frequently prescribed medication for adults suffering from ADHD. They are available in liquid or tablet form in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hour. Adults may supplement an immediate-release medication with an extended-release long-acting medicine at least every week to lessen the necessity to take it frequently throughout the day.

Antidepressants such as desipramine have also been found to be effective in the treatment of adults suffering from ADHD. This class of medications can be used on its own or in conjunction with stimulants to increase their effects. They can also increase the risk of serious adverse effects, such as rapid heartbeats, EKG changes and orthostatic hypotension.

Adults with inattentive adhd treatment adults can also be treated with alprazolam or clonidine. They are both Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists. These drugs, initially developed to treat high blood pressure, can have the ability to calm and increase focus and reduce the amount of impulsivity and hyperactivity in certain adults. However, these medications could cause a very low blood pressure when they are suddenly stopped or reduced in dosage.

Adults suffering from adhd in adults characterization diagnosis and treatment may also benefit from psychotherapy. Individual talk therapy helps people overcome feelings of embarrassment, shame, and resentment towards co-workers and supervisors, teachers and family members who might criticize or nag them. Counseling for families and marriage is also a great way to help couples suffering from ADHD to better understand each other and improve their communication.

Behavioral Therapy

Psychosocial therapy for adults suffering from ADHD aims to improve daily functioning by teaching strategies and skills. Psychotherapy can help those with ADHD overcome their low self-esteem, and the feeling of inadequacy they often feel.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), also known as cognitive behavioral therapy assists people in changing their negative thoughts and feelings that are causing problems in their lives. It teaches them new ways to think, feel and act. This short-term and goal-oriented psychotherapy has been proven effective in treating a variety of disorders, such as depression and anxiety. It can be utilized in conjunction with other treatments or on its own.

CBT could include group therapy, which can be particularly helpful for adults with ADHD as it offers the opportunity to meet others who are facing similar issues and discover how other people manage their ADHD symptoms. It can be delivered in person or via phone. One study compared the results of CBT with that of standard therapy for adults with ADHD and found that both treatments led to improvement in self-report assessments of functioning, symptoms and quality of life.

Numerous studies have evaluated CBT with other psychosocial treatments for people with ADHD and have all shown significant reductions in self-reported ADHD symptoms with medium to large effect size. These improvements were associated with diverse approaches such as cognitive and interpersonal behavioral therapy, social skills training, problem-solving and mindfulness meditation.

It is important to compare the efficacy between different treatments for adults with ADHD with caution. It is likely that the different outcomes of the treatments depend on a variety of factors, including treatment characteristics, measures used as well as the backgrounds of the patients. A few studies have investigated the effectiveness of neurofeedback, a method that involves wearing an electrode-lined cap while performing cognitive tasks to identify areas of the brain where there is too much or too little activity, and teaching the individual to control these patterns.

Counseling

Many people doctors who treat adhd in adults suffer from ADHD also have anxiety or mood disorders that require treatment. Counseling can address these problems that may be contributing ADHD symptoms. Interpersonal therapy is among the psychotherapy approaches that can aid in improving the ability of individuals to manage conflicts and create meaningful relationships. Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to alter negative behaviors and assist in reducing self-destructive and impulsive behavior that can cause problems at work or school.

In certain cases, psychotherapy is used as an adjunct to medication for adult adhd in adults treatment. People with multiple disorders like depression, substance abuse and bipolar disorder should be assessed to ensure their symptoms are not worsened through the use of medications to treat ADHD. Patients with certain medical conditions, including thyroid disorders, lead poisoning, and an history of seizures have to be treated more aggressively as they are at higher risk for complications from the medications.

If ADHD is serious enough to affect daily functioning and quality-of-life, intensive outpatient programs may be recommended. These programs offer an organized treatment for severe adhd in adults that is more intensive than the traditional outpatient psychotherapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps adults suffering from ADHD improve their ability to manage their time and impulse control, planning, and executive function. It teaches them to recognize and express emotions, and it uses worksheets and activities to make the learning interesting. The practice of mindfulness meditation improves CBT and improves the ability of a person's ability to concentrate and regulate emotions. It increases the capacity of a person to tolerate stress and arousal. It can help them cope with anger, sadness, and other emotions that could be contributing to their ADHD.

Occupational Therapy

Adults suffering from ADHD often have difficulties functioning at home and at work. These issues can also impact relationships and cause financial difficulties. Therapy that addresses these issues will help you improve your self-esteem and solve the underlying issues. It will also help you develop healthy coping methods.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a useful treatment for adults suffering from ADHD because it teaches you how to change your negative beliefs and behaviors. In particular, it is focused on teaching you how to use time management strategies and overcome the distortions in your thinking that cause negative moods and the perception of a limited selection.

Many people with ADHD also have comorbid depression or anxiety disorders. These psychiatric conditions can decrease or increase the effectiveness of certain medications that are used to treat ADHD. It is therefore recommended to first treat the most severe comorbid condition and then monitor the reaction to the medication prior treating the other disorder.

Occupational therapy can help you learn how to manage your life and work, create predictable routines, manage money and time and develop an optimistic self-image. It can also help you master relaxation techniques that may decrease your impulsivity and hyperactivity. In the same way yoga and other exercises can help you focus better by stabilizing the body in different poses.

Counseling for families and marriage can help address the issues that adults suffering from ADHD frequently create for their spouses, children and others. They often complain about being erratic and unorganized. They are also prone to forget things or make impulsive decisions. You can strengthen your relationships by educating your spouses and family members about ADHD. It can also help you and your family members understand that the problem is caused by ADHD and not the lack of care or refusing to cooperate.

Clinical Trials

Adult ADHD is a common neurobiological disorder. It is accompanied by high levels of comorbidity. This includes anxiety, depression, and substance abuse disorders. The use of medication and psychosocial interventions is available as treatment options. There are a variety of treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. Some of these medications have been tested in clinical trials. These studies have revealed the advantages and drawbacks of the drugs.

Adults who suffer from ADHD suffer from the same issues as children, however it can be difficult to diagnose them because childhood symptoms may not persist until adulthood. Adults suffering from ADHD may also not have an ancestral history of the disorder or may not remember symptoms. A thorough medical history is necessary to help determine whether the symptoms are caused by medical conditions such as a thyroid problem or sleep apnea, issues with vision and hearing or lead poisoning.

Adults suffering from ADHD are treated with stimulants or nonstimulants. Stimulants have the highest response rates for adults with ADHD. Their response rates vary between 70 and 70% to 80%. The most popular stimulants are amphetamine and methylphenidate compounds. Methylphenidate can also be found in a transdermal system which allows for a continuous supply of medication throughout the day.

Nonstimulant medicines for adults suffering from ADHD are primarily tricyclic antidepressants that work on norepinephrine and dopamine. Desipramine is the most studied tricyclic and has been shown to be effective in adult patients suffering from ADHD. It is a medication with a low dose that is recommended to be increased every seven days by 50mg until the desired effect is noticed.

Bupropion XL, another antidepressant, has been shown to be effective in adults suffering from ADHD. It is a dopamine-agonist which blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine in the presynaptic cellular transporter, increasing its availability in brain. This drug is known to improve mood in adults and reduce hyperactivity, however, it's not as effective in improving concentration or cognitive function as stimulants.